1. Rewrite these sentences by using “because”
1. People are cutting down forests, and this is leading to the loss of biodiversity.
→ Biodiversity is being lost because people are cutting down forests.
2. Air pollution is caused by emissions from vehicles and factories.
→ Emissions from vehicles and factories cause air pollution.
3. The use of plastic is harming marine life in the oceans.
→ Marine life in the oceans is being harmed because of the use of plastic.
4. Deforestation contributes to climate change as it reduces the number of trees that can absorb carbon dioxide.
→ Climate change is contributed to by deforestation because it reduces the number of trees that can absorb carbon dioxide.
5. Many species are facing extinction due to habitat destruction caused by human activities.
→ Habitat destruction caused by human activities is leading to the extinction of many species.
6. Global warming is occurring, and this is melting polar ice caps.
→ Polar ice caps are melting because global warming is occurring.
7. Waste from industries is contaminating rivers, and this is affecting aquatic ecosystems.
→ Aquatic ecosystems are being affected because waste from industries is contaminating rivers.
8. The increase in greenhouse gas emissions results in a rise in average global temperatures.
→ There is a rise in average global temperatures because of the increase in greenhouse gas emissions.
9. Many cities are experiencing smog due to high levels of air pollution.
→ High levels of air pollution cause many cities to experience smog.
10. The depletion of the ozone layer is primarily caused by the release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
→ The release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) primarily causes the depletion of the ozone layer.
2. Rewrite these sentences by using “because of”
1. People use pesticides, and this harms the soil.
→ The soil is harmed because of the use of pesticides.
2. Factories release pollutants into the air, and this causes air pollution.
→ Air pollution is caused because of the release of pollutants into the air by factories.
3. There is an increase in carbon emissions from vehicles, and this leads to global warming.
→Global warming occurs because of the increase in carbon emissions from vehicles.
4. Deforestation is happening, and this results in the loss of habitats for many species.
→ The loss of habitats for many species occurs because of deforestation.
5. The use of plastic is widespread, and this results in pollution of oceans and rivers.
→ Oceans and rivers are polluted because of the widespread use of plastic.
6. The burning of fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases, and this contributes to climate change.
→ Climate change is contributed to because of the release of greenhouse gases from the burning of fossil fuels.
7. People dispose of electronic waste improperly, and this contaminates the environment.
→ The environment is contaminated because of the improper disposal of electronic waste by people.
8. Excessive use of water in agriculture leads to water scarcity, and this affects ecosystems.
→ Ecosystems are affected because of water scarcity caused by the excessive use of water in agriculture.
9. Many marine species are endangered due to overfishing.
→ Overfishing is the reason why many marine species are endangered.
10. Noise pollution is increasing, and this disturbs wildlife.
→ Wildlife is disturbed because of the increase in noise pollution.
3. Underlined word or phrase in each of the sentence needs correcting then correct it.
1. They were swimming in the ocean when the storm occurs.
2. I discovered something interestingly in the store so I got in to buy.
3. Who will look for your business affairs while you are away?
4. We are going to take role in school activities for the summer.
5. I bought a computer which screen was not very good.
6. Nam is one of my friends whom tried hard to succeed in his school age
7. What are you doing, mom? -I am listening to the forecast weather on TV.
8. We ought bring along a raincoat, I think it’s going to rain
9. The markets are closed so no food was available at the moment, I am afraid.
10. There are so many chicken in the garden that I can’t count them all.
Đáp án và giải thích chi tiết:
1. Đáp án: They were swimming in the ocean when the storm occurred.
Giải thích: Sử dụng dạng quá khứ "occurred" thay vì "occurs" để phù hợp với thời điểm trong quá khứ.
2. Đáp án: I discovered something interesting in the store, so I went in to buy.
Giải thích: Sử dụng "in" để chỉ vị trí, và sử dụng "went" thay vì "got" để mô tả hành động di chuyển vào cửa hàng.
3. Đáp án: Who will look after your business affairs while you are away?
Giải thích: Sử dụng "look after" để diễn đạt ý nghĩa chăm sóc hoặc quản lý.
4. Đáp án: We are going to take part in school activities for the summer.
Giải thích: Sử dụng "take part" để diễn đạt việc tham gia vào hoạt động.
5. Đáp án: I bought a computer whose screen was not very good.
Giải thích: Sử dụng "whose" để chỉ sở hữu, thay vì "which".
6. Đáp án: Nam is one of my friends who tried hard to succeed in his school age.
Giải thích: Sử dụng "who" thay vì "whom" khi nó đóng vai trò là chủ ngữ của mệnh đề tương đối.
7. Đáp án: What are you doing, mom? -I am listening to the weather forecast on TV.
Giải thích: Chuyển vị trí của từ "forecast" để tạo thành cụm từ chính xác "weather forecast."
8. Đáp án: We ought to bring along a raincoat; I think it’s going to rain.
Giải thích: Thêm "to" sau "ought" để hoàn thiện cấu trúc động từ.
9. Đáp án: The markets are closed, so no food is available at the moment, I am afraid.
Giải thích: Sử dụng thì hiện tại đơn "is" thay vì quá khứ đơn "was" để thích ứng với thời điểm hiện tại.
10. Đáp án: There are so many chickens in the garden that I can’t count them all.
Giải thích: Sử dụng "chickens" (số nhiều) thay vì "chicken" (số ít) để phù hợp với ngữ cảnh có nhiều con gà.
4. Write a letter to complain about the noise
1. I/ write/ this letter/ complain/ noise from Apartment 3C
2. I/ move into/ Apartment 2C/ November 1st
3. Since/ I move in/ my upstairs neighbors/ play/ stereo/ loudly/ night
4. I/ ask/ them/ turn it down/ several times already.
5. However, they/ not stop/ the noise yet.
6. I/ be/ a student/ and/ study/ every night
7. I/ fail/ final exam/ next month/ unless/ this noise/ stop
8. please talk/ my neighbors/ and ask/ turn down their stereo/ 9:00
9. I/ look forward/ hear/ you/ and see/ how/ you/ solve/ problem/ Sincerely/ Lan
Đáp án:
1. I am writing this letter to complain the noise from Apartment 3C.
2. I moved into Apartment 2C on November 1st.
3. Since I moved in there, my upstairs neighbors have played the stereo too loudly at night.
4. I asked them to turn it down several times already.
5. However, they haven't stopped the noise yet.
6. I am a student and have to study every night.
7. I will fail the final exam next month unless this noise don't stop.
8. Please talk to my neighbors and ask to turn down their stereo at 9:00
9. I am looking forward to hearing from you and see how you to solve this problem.
5. Fill in each blank of the following passage with one suitable word
Air pollution can (1) _______ people ill. Consequently, some countries (2) _______ laws to control the quality of smoke (3) _______ the air. Air pollution causes particular damage to the body (4) _______ harming the lungs. Leads should not (5) _______ used in petrol because it is bad for children’s (6) _______ and make them clumsy in using (7) _______ hands. Poisonous gas from lead collects in those parts of cities where (8) _______ are tall buildings. Pollution can also have (9) _______ influence on the earth’s climate. The (10) _______ may melt near the North and South Poles, resulting in very bad floods.
Đáp án 1. make
2. pass
3. in
4. by
5. be
6. health
7. their
8. there
9. an
10. ice
Fill in the blanks with proper words, then answer the following questions.
scientists / pollution / serious/ factories exhaust / reduce / require / percentage
Everyone wants to reduce (1) _______. But the pollution problem is as complicated as it is (2) _______. It is complicated because much pollution is caused by things that benefit people. For example, (3) _______ from automobile caused large (4) _______ of air pollution. But the automobile provides transportation to millions of people. (5) _______ discharge much of the material that pollutes air and water, but factories give employment to a large number of people.
Thus, to end or greatly (6) _______ pollution immediately, people would have to stop using many things that benefit them. Most people do not want to do that, of course. But pollution can be gradually reduces in several ways, (7) _______ and engineers can work to find ways t lessen the amount of pollution that such things as automobiles and factories cause. Government can pass and enforce laws that (8) _______ businesses and individuals to stop, or cut down on certain polluting activities.
Đáp án
1. pollution
2. serious
3. exhaust
4. percentage
5. Factories
6. reduce
7. scientists
8. require
