Các quy tắc đó là những điều khoản tiêu chuẩn quy định quyền lợi, nghĩa vụ của Hội, hội viên về các vấn đề: tham gia bảo hiểm, các rủi ro được bảo hiểm, phạm vi trách nhiệm, nghĩa vụ thông báo, giải quyết khiếu nại, việc đóng phí, ký quỹ, mức miễn trừ...
Mục đích của loại bảo hiểm này nhằm giúp đỡ hội viên khi giải quyết những tranh chấp về tiền cước, tiền phạt, tiền lưu giữ tàu, hợp đồng đóng tàu, thế chấp... và bảo hiểm những chi phí luật pháp, các chi phí đã chi trong quá trình tranh chấp, khiếu nại, kiện tụng.
1. Các rủi ro được bảo hiểm
Theo bảo hiểm FDD, Hội bảo hiểm những chi phí, phí tổn, chi phí pháp luật, chi phí nghiệp vụ phát sinh liên quan đến các khiếu nại, tranh chấp, kiện tụng của hội viên về những vấn đề sau:
- Tiền cước, cước khống, tiền phạt, lưu giữ tàu, các vấn đề phát sinh từ hợp đồng vận chuyển, vận đơn hoặc việc kinh doanh của tàu.
- Tàu bị lưu giữ do bất kỳ nguyên nhân nào bởi bất kỳ cơ quan nào.
- Chi phí cứu hộ, chi phí đóng góp tổn thất chung.
- Các khiếu nại phát sinh liên quan đến hợp đồng đóng tàu, mua bán, thế chấp, sửa chữa tàu có bảo hiểm hoặc bất kỳ hợp đồng nào có liên quan đến tàu biển.
- Bốc, dỡ, san trải, chuyển tải hàng không thích hợp.
- Khiếu nại của/đối với thuyền trưởng, sỹ quan, thủy thủ, hành khách.
- Thông tin và cô' vấn pháp lý về các vấn đề có liên quan đến chủ tàu.
- Bất kỳ vấn đề nào mà theo ý kiến của Hội là thuộc phạm vi của bảo hiểm này.
2. Phạm vi trách nhiệm của Hội
Trừ khi có thỏa thuận đặc biệt nào khác, hội viên tham gia bảo hiểm FDD sẽ được Hội bồi thường:
- Các chi phí và phí tổn có liên quan đến bất kỳ khiếu nại, tranh chấp, kiện tụng về những vấn đề nêu trên (các rủi ro được bảo hiểm).
- Có quyền được Hội cố vấn pháp luật về bất kỳ khiếu nại, tranh chấp, kiện tụng nào.
- Được Hội bồi thường các chi phí và phí tổn phải gánh chịu trong việc xin ý kiến cố vấn của luật sư, giám định viên hoặc người nào khác (trừ những người do hội viên, quản trị viên, Hội thuê) mà quản trị viên đã đồng ý với việc xin ý kiến đó.
Như vậy, bảo hiểm FDD chỉ bồi thường các chi phí luật pháp và chi phí nghiệp vụ liên quan đến những vấn đề được nêu ở trên, còn các khoản tiền tranh chấp chính thì không được bồi thường.
Trong thực tế, loại bảo hiểm này ít được các chủ tàu tham gia đầy đủ, nghĩa là hội viên thường chỉ yêu cầu bảo hiểm một phần nào đó mà thôi, tùy thuộc vào mức độ rủi ro trong kinh doanh của mình.
3. Một số từ viết tắt thông dụng lĩnh vực bảo hiểm tàu biển
GENERAL
| TT | Chữ viết tắt | Viết đầy đủ |
| 1 | AFAIK | As Far As I Know |
| 2 | AGW | All Going Well |
| 3 | AISI | As I See It |
| 4 | ASAP | As Soon As Possible |
| 5 | B4____________ | Before |
| 6 | BS | British Standard |
| 7 | BTW__________ | By The Way |
| 8 | CAD | Computer Assisted Design |
| 9 | CAF | Currency Adjustment Factor |
| 10 | CAP | Condition Assessment Program |
| 11 | CBI | Computer-Based Information |
| 12 | CBT | Computer-Based Training |
| 13 | CCT | Closed Circuit Television |
| 14 | CD | Compact Disc______________ |
| 15 | CU | See You Later |
| 16 | cv | Curriculum Vitae |
| 17 | DIY | Do It Yourself |
| 18 | DSC | Distinctive Select Calling |
| 19_ | DTBA | Date To Be Advised |
| 20 | E&OE | Errors & Omissions Excepted |
| 21 | ECU | European Currency Units |
| 22__ | EDP | Electronic Data Processing |
| 23 | EE | Errors Excepted |
| 24 | E1U___________ | Even If Used |
| 25 | FAC | Fast As You Can |
| 26 | FAQ | Frequently Asked Question____________ |
| 27 | FLT | Fork Lift Truck |
| 28 | FOG ___ ;______ | For Our Guidance___________________ |
| 29 | FYG | For Your Guidance |
| 30 | FYI Y | For Your Information |
| 31 | FYM | For Your Misinformation |
| 32 | GBP | Great British Pound |
| 33 | GBR | Great Barrier Reef |
| 34 | GBR | Great Britain |
| 35 | HTH | Hope This/That helps |
| 36 | IE | Internet Explorer |
| 37 | IMCO | In My Considered Opinion |
| 38 | IME | In My Experience__________________ |
| 39 | IMEO | In My Expert Opinion |
| 40 | IMNSHO | In My Not So Humble/Honest Opinion |
| 41 | IMO | In My Opinion |
| 42 | low | In Other Words____________________ |
| 43 | ISSN | International Standard Serial Number J |
| 44 | IT | Information Technology__________ |
| 45 | KISS | Keep It Simple Stupid__________ |
| 46 | KK | Knock for Knock___________________ |
| 47 | LAN | Local Area Network |
| 48 | LOL | Laughing Out Loud_________________ |
| 49 | MO | Mail Order |
| 50 | NP | No Problem |
| 51 | NRN | No Reply Necessary |
| 52 | OBTW | Oh By The Way |
| 53 | OCR | Optical Character Recognition |
| 54 | OTOH | On The Other Hand |
| 55 | PC | Personal Computer |
| 56 | RAM | Random Access Memory |
| 57 | ROM | Read Only Memory |
| 58 | SAM | Surface to Air Missile |
| 59 | SITD | Still In The Dark |
| 60 | TFN | Thanks For Nothing |
| 61 | TIA | Thanks In Advance__________________ |
| 62 | LOR | Under One Roof _________________ |
| 63 | LS____________ | United States___________ — _______ |
| 64 | USA | United States of America |
| 65 | UTC | Universal Time Co-ordinated |
| 66 | VAT___________ | Value Added Tax |
| 67 | voc | Volatile Organic Compounds |
| 68 | WP | Waterproof |
| 69 | WWW | World Wide Web |
| 70 | WYSIWYG_____ | What You See Is What You Get |
OFFICE
| TT | Chữ viết tắt | Viết đầy đủ |
| 1 | AAAA | Always Accessible Always Afloat |
| 2 | AAOSA | Always Afloat or Safe Aground |
| 3 | AARA | The Amsterdam-Antwerp-Rotterdam Area |
| 4 | Abt. | About . |
| 5 | AC | All other Contents |
| 6 | ACP | Area Contingency Plan |
| 7 | AD | Accidental Damage |
| 8 | AFRA | Average Freight Rate Assessment |
| 9 | AFRAMAX | Average Freight Rate Assessment Maximum |
| 10 | AHF | American Hull Form |
| 11 | AIS | Automatic Identification System |
| 12 | ALLER | All English Law Reports |
| 13 | AML | Absolute Maximum Loss |
| 14 | AMNI | Associate Member of The Nautical Institute |
| 15 | ANF | Arrival Notification Form |
| 16 | ANL | Above Normal Loss |
| 17 | ANTHAM | Antwerp Hamburg |
| 18 | AO voy. | Any One Voyage |
| 19 | AOA | Any One Accident |
| 20 | AOL | Any One Loss |
| 21 | AOO | Any One Occurrence |
| 22 | AOV | Any One Vessel |
| 23 | AP | + Additional Premium + Annual Premium + Agriculture Premium |
| 24 | APL | As Per List |
| 25 | APP | Adjustment Premium Policy |
| 26 | Appd | Approved |
| 27 | AR ___________ | All Risks |
| 28 | ARAG | Amsterdam-Rotterdam-Antwerp-Ghent |
| 29 | ARP | Accrued Rights Premium |
| 30 | Arr. TL | Arranged Total Loss |
| 31 | ASPW | Any Safe Port in the World |
| 32 | ATL | Actual Total Loss |
| 33 | Av Ave | Average |
| 34 | AWIWL | Always Within Institute Warranties Limits |
| 35 | AWO | All Weather Operations |
| 36 | B/E | Bill of Exchange |
| 37 | B/G | Bonded goods |
| 38 | B/H | Bordeaux/Hamburg |
| 39 | B/L | Bill of Lading |
| 40 | BAF | Bunker Adjustment Factor |
| 41 | BB | + Ballast Bonus + Both to Blame |
| 42 | Bd | Bond |
| 43 | BDI | + Baltic Dry Index + Both Dates Inclusive |
| 44 | BFI | Baltic Freight Index |
| 45 | BI | + Both Inclusive + Business Interruption |
| 46 | BN | British North America |
| 47 | BR | Builders Risk |
| 48 | BT | Berth Terms |
| 49 | C&F CFR | Cost and Freight |
| 50 | C/D | Country Damage |
| 51 | C/N | Credit Note |
| 52 | c/snee | Consignee |
| 53 | CB/L | Clean Bill of Lading |
| 54 | CFR | Code of Federal Rules |
| 55 | CFS | Container Freight Station |
| 56 | CGT | Capital Gains Tax |
| 57 | CIF | Cost Insurance And Freight |
| 58 | CIP | Carriage and Insurance Paid |
| 59 | CKD | Completely Knocked Down |
| 60 | Cl. | Clause |
| 61 | CN | Cover Note |
| 62 | COB | Closing of Business |
| 63 | COD | Cash On Delivery |
| 64 | COI | Certificate of Inspection |
| 65 | COP | Custom of the Port |
| 66 | COT | Customers Own Transport |
| 67 | CP | Charter Party |
| 68 | CPD | Charterers Pay Dues |
| 69 | CPT | Carriage Paid To |
| 70 | CR | Current Rate |
| 71 | CTL | Constructive Total Loss |
| 72 | CTR | Container Fitted |
| 73 | CUT | Coordinated Universal Time |
| 74 | CWE | Cleared Without Examination |
| 75 | cwo | Cash With Order |
| 76 | D/C | Deviation Clause |
| 77 | D/D | Damage Done |
| 78 | DA | Disbursement Account \f |
| 79 | DAF | •r Deliver At Frontier + Delivered At Frontier |
| 80 | DAMFORDET | Damages For Detention |
| 81 | DAPS | Days All Purposes |
| 82 | DC | Direct Costs |
| 83 | Dd | Delivered |
| 84 | DDP | Delivered Duty Paid ‘7 |
| 85 | DDU | Delivered Duty Unpaid ự |
| 86 | DEM | Demurrage |
| 87 | DEMDES | Demurrage/Dispatch money |
| 88 | DEQ | Delivered Ex Quay |
| 89 | DES | Delivered Ex Ship |
| 90 | DESP | Despatch__________________________ |
| 91 | DET | Detention__________________________ |
| 92 1 | DG____________ | Directorate General |
| 93 | DHDATSBE | Dispatch Half Demurrage on All Time Saved Both Ends |
| 94 | DHDWTSBE | Dispatch. Half Demurrage on Working Time Saved Both Ends________________ |
| 95 | Die | Difference in Conditions |
| 96 | DNC | Digital Nautical Chart_________________ |
| 97 | DNO | Debit Note Only_____________________ |
| 98 | DNRCAOSLONL | Discountless and Non-Returnable Cargo and/or Ship Lost or Not Lost____________ |
| 99 | DOC | Document of Compliance |
| 100 | DOL | + Date of Loss + Dock Owner Liability |
| 101 | DRC | Damage Received in Collision |
| 102 | DSC | Dangerous Goods, Solid Cargoes and Containers________ ________________ |
| 103 | DV | Declared Value_____________________ |
| 104 | E&EA | Each and Every Accident J ———- |
| 105 | E&EL | Each and Every Loss |
| 106 | E&EO | Each and Every Occurrence |
| 107 | EC | East Coast |
| 108 | ECG | Export Credits Guarantee |
| 109 | EMI | Estimated Maximum Loss |
| 110 | EM PL | Estimated Maximum Probable Loss |
| 111 | EmS | Emergency Schedule |
| 112 | EOHP | Except as otherwise herein provided |
| 113 | EPS | IMO performance standard for ECDIS |
| 114 | EXW | Ex Works |
| 115 | f.a.a. | Free of all average |
| 116 | F.C.O.D. | Fire, Collision, Overturning and Derailment |
| 117 | F.C.R. | Forwarding agents’ certificate of receipt |
| 118 | F.C.S.R.C.C. | Free of capture, seizure, riots and civil commotions |
| 119 | F.C.S.S.R.C.C. | Free of capture, seizure, strikes, riots and civil commotions |
| 120 | F.C.T. | Forwarding agents' certificate of transport |
| 121 | F.c.v. | + Full contract value + Full completed value |
| 122 | F.O.D.abs. | Free of damage absolutely |
| 123 | EO.M. | Flag, ownership or management |
| 124 | F.R.O. | Fire risk only |
| 125 | F.Supp | Federal Supplement |
| 126 | F/A | Fire and accident (Insurance) |
| 127 | FIB | Radio transmission designator |
| 128 | FAS | + Free Alongside Ship + Free Alongside Steamer |
| 129 | FC&S | Free of Capture and Seizure Clause |
| 130 | FCA | Free to Carrier |
| 131 | FCC | First Class Charterers |
| 132 | Fch | Franchise |
| 133 | FCL | Full Container Load |
| 134 | FCO | Financed, Constructed and Operated |
| 135 | FD | Free Discharge |
| 136 | FDD | + Freight Demurrage Dead freight + Freight, Demurrage and Defence |
| 137 | FDEDANRSAO CLONL | Freight Deemed Earned, Discountless And Non-Returnable (Refundable) Ship And Or Cargo Lost Or Not Lost |
| 138 | FDESP | Free Dispatch |
| 139 | FFI | For Further Instructions |
| 140 | FG FGN | Foreign |
| 141 | FGU | From the ground up |
| 142 | FHEX | Fridays/Holidays Excluded |
| 143 | FHINC | Fridays/Holidays Included |
| 144 | FILO | Free In/Liner Out |
| 145 | FIO | Free In/Out |
| 146 | FIOS | Free In/Out Stowed |
| 147 | FIOST | Free In/Out Stowed and Trimmed |
| 148 | FIOT | Free In/Out and Trimmed |
| 149 | FIT | Free in Trimmed |
| 150 | FIW | Free in Wagon |
| 151 | FLE | Fire, lighting and explosion |
| 152 | FLG | Flag |
| 153 | FLT | Full Liner Terms |
| 154 | FME | Force Majeure Excepted |
| 155 | FNI | Fellow of The Nautical Institute |
| 156 | FO | For Orders |
| 157 | FO | Free Out |
| 158 | FOB | Free on Board |
| 159 | FOC | + Flag Of Convenience + Free Of Claims |
| 160 | FOFFER | Firm Offer |
| 161 | FOQ | Free On Quay |
| 162 | FOR | Free On Rail |
| 163 | FOT | Free On Truck |
| 164 | FOW | First Open Water |
| 165 | FOW | Free On Wharf |
| 166 | FP | Free Pratique |
| 167 | FPA | Free of Particular Average |
| 168 | FR | First Refusal |
| 169 | FREE EXINS | Free of any Extra Insurance |
| 170 | FREE OUT | Free of discharge costs to owners |
| 171 | FSA | Formal Safety Assessment |
| 172 | FWC | Fully-loaded weight and capacity |
| 173 | FWD | Fresh Water Damage |
| 174 | GA | General Average |
| 175 | GENCON | General Conditions |
| 176 | GIT | Goods in Transit |
| 177 | GM | Metacentric Height |
| 178 | GMQ | Good Merchantable Brand |
| 179 | GNCN | General Conditions |
| 180 | GOC | General Operators' Certificate |
| 181 | GOR | Gross Original Rate |
| 182 | GP | Grain Capacity |
| 183 | GR | Geographical Rotation |
| 184 | GSP | Good Safe Port |
| 185 | GTEE | Guarantee |
| 186 | GTP | General Third Party |
| 187 | GVW | Gross Vehicle Weight |
| 188 | H&M | Hull and Machinery |
| 189 | H&o | Hook and Oil Damage |
| 190 | H/C | High Cube |
| 191 | H/H | Half Height |
| 192 | HAZMAT | Hazardous Material |
| 193 | HBL | Hydrostatic Balanced Loading |
| 194 | HDLTSBENDS | Half Dispatch Laytime Saved Both Ends |
| 195 | HDWTS | Half Despatch Working (or Weather) Time Saved |
| 196 | HMS | Heavy Metal Scraps |
| 197 | HNS | Hazardous and Noxious Substances |
| 198 | HSE | Health Safety and Environment |
| 199 | IAR | Industrial All Risks |
| 200 | IBNR | Incurred But Not Reported |
| 201 | IBNPR | Incurred But Not Properly Reported |
| 202 | IN &/OR OVER | Goods carried below and / or on deck |
| 203 | IOP | Irrespective of Percentage |
| 204 | IPRC | Institute Port Risk Clause |
| 205 | ISDP | Integrated Ship Design and Production |
| 206 | IU . . | IfUsed |
| 207 | 1ƯHTAƯTC | If Used, Half Time Actually Used To Count |
| 208 | IWL | Institute Warranty Limits |
| 209 | IYC | Institute Yacht Clause |
| 210 | J&wo | Jettison and washing overboard |
| 211 | JWO | Jettison and Washing Overboard |
| 212 | K&R | Kidnap and Ransom |
| 213 | L/C | Letter of Credit |
| 214 | L/D | Load / Discharge |
| 215 | LAT | Local Apparent Time |
| 216 | LAYCAN | Laydays Cancelling |
| 217 | LCL | Less Than a Container Load |
| 218 | LDT | Lost During Transshipment |
| 219 | LHAR | London, Hull, Antwerp or Rotterdam |
| 220 | LJ | Lord Justice |
| 221 | LLMC | Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims |
| 222 | LMT | Local Mean Time |
| 223 | LNYD | Liability not yet determined |
| 224 | LOC | + Letter of Compliance + Letter of Credit |
| 225 | LOI | Letter of Indemnity |
| 226 | LOL | + Limitation of Owner’s Liability + Loss Of Life |
| 227 | LOP | Line of Position |
| 228 | LOR | Letter of Readiness |
| 229 | LÒS | + Law Of the Sea + Line Of Sight |
| 230 | LOW | Last Open Water |
| 231 | LS | Lump Sum |
| 232 | LSD | Lashed Secured Dunnaged |
| 233 | Ltge. | Lighterage |
| 234 | LTHH | Liner Terms Hook/Hook |
| 235 | LUMPS | Lump Sum Paid to Shipper |
| 236 | LYCN | Laydays Cancelling |
| 237 | M&W | Marine and War risks |
| 238 | MA | Malicious Damage |
| 239 | MAC | Maximum Acceptable Concentration |
| 240 | MB | + Merchant Banker + Merchant Broker |
| 241 | MGN | Marine Guidance Note |
| 242 | MGNe | Marine Guidance Notice |
| 243 | MNI | Member of The Nautical Institute |
| 244 | MOA | Memorandum of Agreement |
| 245 | MOLCHOPT | More or Less in Charterer’s Option |
| 246 | MOLOO | More or Less in Owner’s Option |
| 247 | MOP | Mobile Offshore Production |
| 248 | MOPP | Mobile Offshore Production Platform |
| 249 | MOU | Memorandum of Understanding |
| 250 | N/E | Not Exceeding |
| 251 | NA | 4- Not Applicable 4- Not Available |
| 252 | NAABSA | Not Always Afloat But Safely Aground |
| 253 | NCD | No Claims Discount |
| 254 | NCNP | No Cure No Pay |
| 255 | NCOB | No Cargo On Board |
| 256 | ND | Non-Delivery |
| 257 | NE | Not Entered |
| 258 | NEP | Net Earned Premiums |
| 259 | NGAD | Notice Given Arrival Date |
| 260 | NOKƯS | Special taxation scheme for Norwegian- controlled companies in low-tax countries |
| 261 | NOR | 4- Notice to Readers 4- Notice of Readiness |
| 262 | Nr. Coastal | Near Coastal |
| 263 | NRAD | No Risk After Discharge |
| 264 | NRAL | No Risk After Landing |
| 265 | NRAS | No Risk After Shipment |
| 266 | NRDA | Natural Resources Damage Assessment |
| 267 | NRTB | No Risk Until Onboard |
| 268 | NRTOR | + No Risk Until On Rail 4- No Risk To Attach Till After Landing |
| 269 | NRTWB | No Risk Until Waterborne |
| 270 | NSPF | Not Specially Provided For |
| 271 | NSW | Natural Sea Water |
| 272 | NTU | Not Taken Up |
| 273 | NUR | Not Under Repair |
| 274 | NVOCC | Non-Vessel-Operating Common Carrier |
| 275 | Ò/W | Overwidth |
| 276 | OD | On Deck |
| 277 | OH | Overheight |
| 278 | oo | Owner’s Option |
| 279 | OPRC | Oil pollution Preparedness, Response and Cooperation |
| 280 | OSH | Open Shelter Deck |
| 28Ỉ | OT | Open Top |
| 282 | OWS | Owners |
| 283 | P&L | Profit and Loss |
| 284 | PC | Period of Charter |
| 285 | PCGO | Part Cargo |
| 286 | PDI | Pre-Delivery Inspection |
| 287 | PDPR | Per Day Pro Rata |
| 288 | PHPD | Per Hatch Per Day |
| 289 | PI | + Personal injury + Personal Indemnity + Premium Income |
| 290 | PIA | Peril Insured Against |
| 291 | PM | Post Meridian |
| 292 | POA | Place Of Acceptance |
| 293 | POD | + Proof Of Delivery + Pay On Delivery |
| 294 | POR | Place Of Receipt |
| 295 | PR | + Port of Refuge + Port Risks |
| 296 | Pr | Pro Rata |
| 297 | PROFORMA | Estimated Account |
| 298 | PUS | Plus us |
| 299 | PWWD | Per Weather working day |
| 300 | QA | Quality Assurance |
| 301 | QC | 4- Quality Control + Queens Council |
| 302 | R&D | Research and Development |
| 303 | RACE | Radioactive containment exclusion clause |
| 304 | RCVR | Receiver |
| 305 | RDC | Running Down Clause |
| 306 | RECAP | Recapitulation |
| 307 | RGE | Range |
| 308 | RN | Release Note |
| 309 | ROD | Rust, Oxidation, Discoloration |
| 310 | RP | Return Premium |
| 311 | RR&I | Respective Rights and Interests |
| 312 | RTBA | Rate to be agreed |
| 313 | RTSATMP | Return Saturday PM |
| 314 | s to s | Station to Station |
| 315 | S/A SA | Subject to Approval |
| 316 | S/D | Short Delivery |
| 317 | SATSH1NC | Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays Included |
| 318 | SD | Sea Damaged |
| 319 | SDHF | Standard Dutch Hull Form |
| 320 | SG | Ships and Goods |
| 321 | SHEX | Sundays and Holidays Excluded |
| 322 | SHINC | Sundays and Holidays Included |
| 323 | SMP | Single Mooring Point |
| 324 | SMS | Safety Management Code |
| 325 | SOB | Shipped Onboard |
| 326 | soc | Shipper Owned Container |
| 327 | SOF | Statement of Facts |
| 328 | SPA | Special Protection Area |
| 329 | SRBL | Signing and Releasing Bill of Lading |
| 330 | SRCC | Strikes, Riots and Civil Commotions |
| 331 | SRL | Ship Repairers Liability |
| 332 | ss or B | Stranded, stunk or burn |
| o no 5 jj | SSHEX | Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays Excluded |
| 334 | SSHINC | Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays Included |
| 335 | sso | Struck submerged object |
| 336 | STC | Said To Contain |
| 337 | STUFT | Ships Taken Up From Trade |
| 338 | STW | Stowage |
| 339 | SUB | Subject (to) |
| 340 | Suezmax | Suez Maximum |
| 341 | SWD | Sea Water Damage |
| 342 | T/C | Time Charter |
| 343 | TB | Twisting and Bending |
| 344 | TBN | + To Be Nominated + To Be Named |
| 345 | TC | Time Charter |
| 346 | TCE | Time Charter Equivalent |
| 347 | TCP | Time Charter Party |
| 348 | TGV | Tres Grande Vitesse |
| 349 | THC | Terminal Handling Charge |
| 350 | TLM | Tolerance Limit Median |
| 351 | TLO | Total Loss and Excessive Liability |
| 352 | TLVO | Total Loss of Vessel Only |
| 353 | TOB | Time On Risk |
| 354 | TPND | Theft, pilferage and non-delivery |
| 355 | U/R | Under Repair |
| 356 | u/w | Underwriter |
| 357 | UCB | Unless Caused By |
| 358 | UNICON | Uncontainerable Goods |
| 359 | uu | Unless Used |
| 360 | UUIWCTAUTC | Unless Used In Which Case Time Actually Used To Count |
| 361 | VPD | Vessel Pays Dues |
| 362 | WAV | Warehouse to Warehouse |
| 363 | WA | Without Average |
| 364 | WBS | Without benefit of salvage to the insurer |
| 365 | WCCON | Whether Customs Cleared Or Not |
| 366 | WFC&S | Warranted Free of Capture and Seizure |
| 367 | WLTHC | Water Line Top of Hatch Coaming |
| 368 | WLTOHC | Water Line-To-Hatch Coaming |
| 369 | WOG | Without Our Guarantee |
| 370 | WP | + Weather Permitting + Without Prejudice |
| 371 | WPD | Weather Permitting Day |
| 372 | WRO | War Risk Only |
| 373 | wtd | Warranted |
| 374 | WWD | Weather Working Day |
| 375 | WWR | When, Where Ready |
| 376 | wwww | Wibon, Wipon, Wccon, Wifpon |
| 377 | XBE | Excluded Both Ends |
| 378 | Xe | Xenon |
| 379 | XL | Excess of Loss |
| 380 | Xs Loss | Excess of loss reinsurance |
| 381 | YOA | Year of Account |
| 382 | ZD | Zone Description |
COMPANIES
| TT | Chũ’ viết tắt | Viết đầy đủ |
| 1 | AAA | + American Arbitration Association + Association of Average Adjusters |
| 2 | ABI | Association of British Insurers |
| 3 | ABP | Associated British Ports |
| 4 | ABS | American Bureau of Shipping |
| 5 | ADB | + African Development Bank + Asian Development Bank |
| 6 | AFIA | American Foreign Insurance Association |
| 7 | AID | Agency for International Development |
| 8 | AIMS | American Institute of Merchant Shipping |
| 9 | AIMU | American Institute of Marine Underwriters |
| 10 | AIRMIC | Association of Risk Managers in Industry and Commerce |
| 11 | ALM | Association of Lloyd’s Members |
| 12 | AMAC | Association of Maritime Arbitrators in Canada |
| 13 | AOẤ | Aviation Officer Association |
| 14 | AOL | America Online |
| 15 | API | American Petroleum Institute |
| 16 | APL | American President Line |
| 17 | ARAMCO | Arabian American Oil Company |
| 18 | ASEAN | Association of South East Asian Nations |
| 19 | ASF | Asian Shipowners’ Forum |
| 20 | ASO | Employers Organization for Ships and Offshore Installations |
| 21 | ASTM | American Society for Testing and Materials |
| 22 | AWES | Association of Western European Shipbuilders |
| 23 | BESMA | Belgian Shipmasters Association |
| 24 | BIAC | Business and Industry Advisory Committee |
| 25 | BICC | Bureau International des Chambres de Commerce |
| 26 | BIFA | British International Freight Association |
| 27 | BIFFEX | Baltic International Freight Futures Exchange |
| 28 | BIMCO | Baltic and International Maritime Council |
| 29 | BIS | Bank for International Settlements |
| 30 | BISC | British Iron and Steel Corporation |
| 31 | BMLA | British Maritime Law Association |
| 32 | BMUA | British Marine Insurance Underwriters Association |
| 33 | BOSVA | + British Offshore Support Vessel Owners Association + British Offshore Supply Ships Association |
| 34 | BOTB | British Overseas Trade Board |
| 35 | BPO | Baltic Ports Organisation |
| 36 | BR | British Railways |
| 37 | BROA | British Rig Owners Association |
| 38 | BSC | British Shippers Council |
| 39 | BSI | British Standard Institute |
| 40 | BV | Bureau Veritas |
| 41 | C&E | Customs and Exercise |
| 42 | CACM | Central American Common Market |
| 43 | CAJEA | Council of All Japanese Exporters* Association |
| 44 | CASO | Council of American-Flag Ship Operators |
| 45 | CBMƯ | Canadian Board of Marine Underwriters |
| 46 | CCA | Chemical Carriers Association |
| 47 | ccc | 4- Customs Co-operation Council + Carrier Container Council |
| 48 | CCS | China Classification Society |
| 49 | CDI | Chemical Distribution Institute |
| 50 | CEFOR | Maritime Insurers Central Association |
| 51 | CEN | European Committee for Standardisation |
| 52 | CENELEC | European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation |
| 53 | CENSA | Council of European and Japanese National Ship-owners’ Associations |
| 54 | CES | Coast Earth Station |
| 55 | CESMA | Confederation of European Union Shipmasters Associations |
| 56 | CIFFA | Canadian International Freight Forwarders Association |
| 57 | CIRM | Committee International Radio Maritime |
| 58 | CIS | Commonwealth of Independent States |
| 59 | CIT | Chartered Institute of Transport |
| 60 | CLC | + International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage + Consequential Loss Committee |
| 61 | CMI | Committee Maritime International |
| 62 | CM LA | Canadian Maritime Law Association |
| 63 | coc | Chamber of Commerce |
| 64 | COLREG | International Convention on Collision Regulations |
| 65 | cos | Chamber of Shipping |
| 66 | CSC | Container Safety Convention |
| 67 | CSG | Consultative Shipping Group |
| 68 | DERA | Defence Evaluation and Research Agency |
| 69 | DETR | Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions |
| 70 | DIS | Dansk Internationalt Skibsregister |
| 71 | DMF | Droit Maritime Francais |
| 72 | DNME | Dynamic Non-Member Economies |
| 73 | DNMF | Det Norske Maskinistforbund |
| 74 | DNV | Det Norske Veritas |
| 75 | DOT | Department of Transport |
| 76 | DOTI | Department of Trade and Industry |
| 77 | DR | Danmarks Rederiforening |
| 78 | DSO | De Samarbeidende Rganisasjoner |
| 79 | DSRK | Deutsche Schiffs Revision und Klassifikation |
| 80 | DTI | Department of Trade and Industry |
| 81 | E&p Forum | Exploration and Production Forum |
| 82 | EAC | East Asiatic Company |
| 83 | EBRD | European Bank for Reconstruction and Development |
| 84 | EC | European Community or European Commission |
| 85 | ECE | Economic Commission for Europe |
| 86 | ECJ | European Court of Justice |
| 87 | ECLA | Economic Commission for Latin America |
| 88 | ECMT | European Conference of Ministers of Transport |
| 89 | ECOSOC | Economical and Social Council of the United Nations |
| 90 | ECSA | + European Community Ship-owners' Association (Brussels) + European Community Shipowners Association |
| 91 | ECSC | European Coal and Steel Community |
| 92 | EEC | European Economic Community |
| 93 | EFT | European Free Trade Association |
| 94 | EIB | European Investment Bank |
| 95 | EIC | European Insurance Committee |
| 96 | ELA | Euzko Langilleen Alkartsuna |
| 97 | EMLO | European Maritime Law Organization |
| 98 | EMU | Economic Monetary Union |
| 99 | ESA | European Surveillance Authority |
| 100 | ESC | European Shippers' Council |
| 101 | ESCAP | Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific |
| 102 | ETSI | European Telecommunications |
| 103 | EU | European Union |
| 104 | EUROS | European Union Register of Ships |
| 105 | EXIMBANK | Export-Import Bank |
| 106 | FACS | Federation of American Controlled Shipping |
| 107 | FAO | Food and Agriculture Organization |
| 108 | FASA | Federation of Asean Ship-owners’ Associations |
| 109 | FCC | Federal Communications Commission |
| 110 | FENSO | Federation of Norwegian Ships Officers Organizations |
| 111 | FIATA | + International Federation of Freight Forwarders Associations + Federation Internationale des Associations de Transifaires et Assimiles |
| 112 | FMC | Federal Maritime Commission |
| 113 | FONASBA | Federation of National Associations of Ship Brokers and Agents |
| 114 | FR | Finlands Rederiforening |
| 115 | FSW | Frisian Shipyard Welgelegen |
| 116 | FTPA | Forest Transport Product Association |
| 117 | GCBS | General Council of British Shipping |
| 118 | GESAMP | Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection |
| 119 | GIS | German International Ship Register |
| 120 | GL | Germaisher Lloyds |
| 121 | GLA | General Lighthouse Authority |
| 122 | HMM | Hyundai Merchant Marine |
| 123 | HO | Hydrographic Office |
| 124 | (ACS | International Association of Classification Societies |
| 125 | 1ADC | International Association of Drilling Contractors |
| 126 | IAIN | International Association of Institutes of Navigation |
| 127 | IA LA | International Association of Lighthouse Authorities |
| 128 | IAPH | International Association of Ports and Harbors |
| 129 | [ASST | International Association for Sea Survival Training |
| 130 | IBIA | International Bunker Industry Association |
| 131 | ICHCA | International Cargo Handling Coordination Association |
| 132 | ICMA | International Congress of Maritime Arbitrators |
| 133 | ICS | + Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers + International Chamber of Shipping |
| 134 | IFSMA | International Federation of Ship Masters' Associations |
| 135 | IFTPA | International Forest Product Transport Association |
| 136 | IGO | Inter-Governmental Organisation |
| 137 | IHB | International Hydrographic Bureau |
| 138 | IHMA | International Harbour Masters' Association |
| 139 | IHO | International Hydrographic Organisation |
| 140 | IICL | Institute of International Container Lessors |
| 141 | IIMS | International Institute of Marine Surveyors |
| 142 | ILA | International Law Association |
| 143 | ILO | International Labour Organisation |
| 144 | ILƯ | Institute of London Underwriters |
| 145 | IMarE | Institute of Marine Engineers |
| 146 | IMB | International Maritime Bureau |
| 147 | IMIƯ | International Marine Insurance Union |
| 148 | IMLA | International Maritime Lecturers Association |
| 149 | IMLI | International Maritime Law Institute |
| 150 | IMO | International Maritime Organisation |
| 151 | IMPA | + International Maritime Pilots' Association + International Marine Purchasing Association |
| 152 | IMCA | International Maritime Contractors Association |
| 153 | IMƯ | International Maritime Union |
| 154 | INMARSAT | International Marine Satellite Organisation |
| 155 | 1NSROP | International North Sea Route Program |
| 156 | INTERCARGO | International Association of Dry Cargo Ship-owners |
| 157 | INTERTANKO | International Association of Independent Tanker Owner |
| 158 | IOLT | Institute of Logistics and Transport |
| 159 | IOPC | International Oil Pollution Fund |
| 160 | ISF | International Shipping Federation |
| 161 | ISMA | International Ship Managers' Association |
| 162 | ISO | International Standards Organization |
| 163 | ISOA | International Support Vessel Owners* Association |
| 164 | ISSA | International Ship Supplies Association |
| 165 | ISU | International Salvage Union |
| 166 | ITF | International Transport Workers’ Federation |
| 167 | ITOPF | International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation |
| 168 | ITS | International Tanker Service |
| 169 | ITU | International Telecommunication Union |
| 170 | IƯA | International Underwriting Association |
| 171 | IUMI | International Union of Marine Insurance |
| 172 | JHC | Joint Hulls Committee |
| 173 | JR | Jugoslav Register |
| 174 | KFK | Koordinerende Forskningskomite |
| 175 | KKR | Korean Register of Shipping |
| 176 | KR | Korean Register of Shipping |
| 177 | LAFTA | Latin America Free Trade Association |
| 178 | LASA | Latin America Ship-owners’ Association |
| 179 | LAƯA | Lloyd's Aviation Underwriters' Association |
| 180 | LCIA | London Court of International Arbitration |
| 181 | LLA | Local Lighthouse Authority |
| 182 | LMAA. | London Maritime Arbitrators’ Association |
| 183 | LPC | London Processing Centre |
| 184 | LR | Lloyd's Register |
| 185 | MACNA | Marine Aquaria Conference of North America |
| 186 | MAIB | Marine Accident Investigation Branch |
| 187 | MAIIF | Marine Accident Investigators’ International Forum |
| 188 | MASA | Marine Aquarium Societies of Australia |
| 189 | MCA | Marine Coastguard Agency |
| 190 | MEIF | Mandatory Excess Insurance Facility |
| 191 | MEPC | Marine Environment Protection Committee |
| 192 | MLA | The Maritime Law Association |
| 193 | MRCC | Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre |
| 194 | MSA | Marine Safety Agency |
| 195 | MSC | Marine Safety Committee |
| 196 | MSCN | Maritime Simulation Center Netherlands |
| 197 | MTC | Maritime Transport Committee |
| 198 | MUI | Maritime Union of Indian Officers |
| 199 | NASCO | Norwegian Asian Seafarers' Conference |
| 200 | NATO | North-Atlantic Treaty Organization |
| 201 | NAVTEX | Navigational and Meteorological Warning Broadcast Service |
| 202 | NCB | National Cargo Bureau |
| 203 | NECSA | Navigational Electronic Chart System Association |
| 204 | NFD | Norwegian Friendship Development |
| 205 | NI | The Nautical Institute |
| 206 | NIHQ | Nautical Institute Headquarters |
| 207 | NIS | Norsk Internasjonalt Skipsregister |
| 208 | NK | Nippon Kaiji Kyokai |
| 209 | NKK | Nippon Kaiji Kyokai |
| 210 | NMB | + Norsk Maritime Befalskartell + National Maritime Board |
| 211 | NMEA | National Marine Electronics Association |
| 212 | NMƯ | National Maritime Union |
| 213 | NNME | National Marine Electronics Association |
| 214 | NNR | National Nature Reserve |
| 215 | NOAA | National Marine and Atmospheric Administration |
| 216 | NOPEF | Norsk Olje-og Petrokjemisk Fagforbund |
| 217 | NOR | Norsk Ord inart Register |
| 218 | NORDKOMP ASS | Nordisk Komite for Passasjerskip |
| 219 | NR | Norges Rederiforbund |
| 220 | NS | Norsk Styrmandsforening |
| 221 | NSA | National Safety Agency |
| 222 | NSOAF | North Sea Offshore Authority Forum |
| 223 | NSU | National Seafarers' Union |
| 224 | NTC | Norwegian Training Center |
| 225 | NTSB | National Transportation Safety Board |
| 226 | NUMAST | National Union of Marine, Aviation & Shipping Transport |
| 227 | NUS | National Union of Seamen |
| 228 | NUSI | National Union of Seamen of India |
| 229 | NYPE | New York Produce Exchange |
| 230 | OAPEC | Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries |
| 231 | occ | Operations Control Centre |
| 232 | OCIMF | Oil Companies International Marine Forum |
| 233 | OECD | Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development |
| 234 | OFS | Oljearbeidernes Fellessammenslutning |
| 235 | OFU | Offshorenaringens Forhandlingsutvalg |
| 236 | OLF | Oljeindustriens Landsforening |
| 237 | OPA | Oil Pollution Act |
| 23 ố | OPA 90 | Oil Pollution Act of 1990 |
| 239 | OPEC | Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries |
| 240 | OSSL | Oljeserviceselskapenes Landsforening |
| 241 | PIANC | Permanent International Association of Navigation Congresses |
| 242 | POEA | Philippine Overseas Employment Administration |
| 243 | PRS | Polish Register of Shipping |
| 244 | PSC | Port State Control |
| 245 | PSD | Polish Seafarers' Union |
| 246 | RCC | Rescue Coordination Center |
| 247 | RENC | Regional Electronic Navigational Chart CoCoordinating Centre |
| 248 | RI | Registro Italiano |
| 249 | RINA | + Registro Italiano Navale + Royal Institution of Naval Architects |
| 250 | RLF | Rederienes Landsforening |
| 251 | RMT | National Union of Rail, Maritime And Transport Workers |
| 252 | RS | Russian Maritime Register of Shipping |
| 253 | RTCM | Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services |
| 254 | SEB | Shipping Ethics Board |
| 255 | SED | Seafarers' Education Service |
| 256 | SFT | Statens Forurensningstilsyn |
| 257 | SGS | Societe Generale de Surveillance |
| 258 | SIGTTO | Society of International Gas Tankers and Terminal Operators |
| 259 | SIOS | Senter for Internasjonal Okonomi og Skipsfart |
| 260 | SIU | Seafarers' International Union |
| 261 | SMA | The Society of Maritime Arbitrators |
| 262 | SOSREP | Secretary of State’s Representative for Marine Salvage and^Intervention |
| 263 | SRF | Sveriges Redareforening |
| 264 | SRT | Sinclair Roche & Temperley * |
| 265 | SWIFT | Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications |
| 266 | TIR | Transport International Routỉer |
| 267 | TUAC | Trade Union Advisory Committee |
| 268 | TƯC | Trade Union Congress |
| 269 | TUCP | Trade Union Council of the Philippines |
| 270 | UECC | United European Car Carriers |
| 271 | ƯGT | Union General de Trabajadores |
| 272 | UKOOA | United Kingdom Offshore Operators Association |
| 273 | UN | United Nations |
| 274 | UNCITRAL | United Nations Commission on International Trade Law |
| 275 | UNCLOS | United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea |
| 276 | UNCTAD | United Nations Conference on Trade and Development |
| 277 | UNCTAD MMO | UNCTAD Multi Modal Transport Convention |
| 278 | UNIDO | United Nations Industrial Development Organization |
| 279 | USCG | United States Coast Guard |
| 280 | USF | University of San Francisco |
| 281 | USMC | US Maritime Commission |
| 282 | VDR | Verband Deutscher Reeder |
| 283 | VMAA | Vancouver Maritime Arbitrators Association |
| 284 | WHO | World Health Organization |
| 285 | WMC | West Marine Conference |
| 286 | WMO | World Meteorological Organization |
| 287 | WMU | World Maritime University |
| 288 | WPC | World Petroleum Congress |
| 289 | WTO | World Trade Organization |
| 290 | WWL | Wallenius Wilhelsmen Line |
FORUMS AND CODES
| TT | Chũ viết tắt | Viêt đây đủ |
| 1 | AM VER | Automated Mutual Assistance Vessel Rescue System |
| 2 | BC | Code of Safe Practice for Solid Bulk Cargoes |
| 3 | BPI | Baltic Panamax Index |
| 4 | CG | Coast Guard |
| 5 | COA | Contract of Affreightment |
| 6 | COACP | Contract of Affreightment Charter Party |
| 7 | CODGSA | Carriage of Dangerous Goods By Sea Act |
| 8 | COFR | + Certificate Of Financial Responsibility + Code of Federal Rules |
| 9 | COGSA | Carriage of Goods by Sea Act |
| 10 | css | Code of Shipmanagement Standards |
| 11 | CTO | Combined Transport Operator |
| 12 | DLR | Dominion Law Reports |
| 13 | DSC | Decision Support Center |
| 14 | DX.90 | Format for digital cartographic data |
| 15 | ECDIS | Electronic Chart Display and Information System |
| 16 | ECDS | Electronic Chart Display System |
| 17 | ECS | Electronic Chart System |
| 18 | EDI | Electronic Data Interchange |
| 19 | EDIFACT | Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Commerce and Transport |
| 20 | EEA | European Economic Area |
| 21 | EEZ | Exclusive Economic Zone |
| 22 | EHA | Equipment Handover Agreement |
| 23 | EMA | European Monetary Agreement |
| 24 | EMS | Environmental Management System |
| 25 | EPFS | Electronic Position Fixing System |
| 26 | EQUASIS | European ship and operator information system |
| 27 | ER | English Reports |
| 28 | ETL | European Transport Law |
| 29 | ETSF | Electronic Trading Standard Format |
| 30 | FCR | Federal Court Reports |
| 31 | GATS | General Agreement on Trade in Services |
| 32 | GATT | General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade |
| 33 | GIS | Geographic Information System |
| 34 | HCRF | Hydrographic Chart Raster Format |
| 35 | HNS | Convention on the Carriage of Noxious and Hazardous Substances by Sea |
| 36 | HO | Hydrographic Office |
| 37 | HSC | International Code of Safety for High-Speed Craft |
| 38 | HSE | Health and Safety Executive |
| 39 | HSWA | Health and Safety at Work Act |
| 40 | ICC | Institute Cargo Clauses |
| 41 | ICD | Inland Clearance Depot |
| 42 | ICS | International Code of Signals |
| 43 | IMDG Code | International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code |
| 44 | INLS Code | International Noxious Liquid Substances Code |
| 45 | IOPC Funds | International Oil Pollution Compensation Funds |
| 46 | IOPP Code | International Oil Pollution Prevention Code |
| 47 | IOR | Indian Ocean Region |
| 48 | IS | Information System |
| 49 | ISDN | Integrated Services Digital Network |
| 50 | ISGOTT | International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals |
| 51 | ISM | International Safety Management |
| 52 | ISM Code | International Safety Management Code |
| 53 | ITCZ | Intertropical Convergance Zone |
| 54 |
|
|
|
| ITZ | Inshore Traffic Zone |
| 55 | IWA | International Wheat Agreement |
| 56 | LOF | Lloyds Open Form |
| 57 | LOF 2000 | Lloyd's Open Form 2000 |
| 58 | LOF'90 | Lloyd’s Open Form 1990 |
| 59 | LRMC | Lloyd's Refrigeration Machinery Certificate |
| 60 | LRQA | Lloyd's Register Quality Assurance |
| 61 | LSA | Lloyds Standard Agreement |
| 62 | MARỈSAT | Maritime Satellite System |
| 63 | MARPOL | International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships |
| 64 | MARPOL 1973/1978 | International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships 1973, as amended 1978 |
| 65 | MARS | Marine Accident Reporting Scheme |
| 66 | MERSAR | Merchant Ship Search and Rescue Manual |
| 67 | MIS | Management Information System |
| 68 | MITS | Maritime Information Technology System |
| 69 | MMSI | Maritime Mobile Selective-call Identity Code |
| 70 | NFTZ | Non Free Trade Zone |
| 71 | OPPR | Oil Pollution Preparedness and Response_____ |
| 72 | P&I | Protection and Indemnity Club |
| 73 | POR | Pacific Ocean Region |
| 74 | SAC | Special Area of Conservation |
| 75 | SCOPIC | Special Compensation P&I Clause |
| 76 | SCR | + Special Casualty Representative + Supreme Court Reports |
| 77 | SENC | System Electronic Navigational Chart |
| 78 | SES | Satellite Earth Station |
| 79 | SMarT | Support for Maritime Training Scheme |
| 80 | SOLAS | International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea |
| 81 | SOP | Standard Operating Procedure |
| 82 | SOPEP | Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan |
| 83 | SPI | Ship-Port Interface |
| 84 | STCW | Standards of Training and Certification for Watch Keeping |
| 85 | TOVALOP | Tanker Owners' Voluntary Agreement Concerning Liability for Oil Pollution |
| 86 | TQM | Total Quality Management |
| 87 | TSS | Traffic Separation Scheme |
| 88 | ŨCP | Uniform Customs and Practice |
| 89 | UMS | Universal Measurement System |
| 90 | UNCID | Uniform Conduct for Interchange of Data |
| 91 | VRP | Vessel Response Plan |
| 92 | VTIS | Vessel Traffic Information System |
| 93 | VTMS | Vessel Traffic Management Services |
| 94 | VTS | + Vessel Traffic System + Vessel Traffic Service |
| 95 | VTSS | Vessel Traffic Separation Scheme |
| 96 | YAR | York Antwerp Rules |
SHIP TYPES
| TT | Chữ viết tắt | Viết đầy đủ |
| 1 | ACV | Air Cushioned Vehicle |
| 2 | AHS | Anchor Handling and Supply |
| 3 | AHT | Anchor Handling Tug |
| 4 | AHTS | Anchor Handling Towage and Supply |
| 5 | AHTSV | Anchor Handling Towage and Supply Vessel |
| 6 | AHV | Anchor Handling Vessel |
| 7 | Blkr | Bulker |
| 8 | Bulker | Bulk Carrier |
| 9 | Cape Size | Large Ships that cannot fit through the Suez |
| 10 | Cat. | Catamaran |
| 11 | Chem. | Chemical |
| 12 | Cont | Container |
| 13 | Crn Barge | Crane Barge |
| 14 | CT | Combined Transport |
| 15 | CTU | Cargo Transport Unit |
| 16 | cv | Commercial Vehicle |
| 17 | DD | Dry Dock |
| 18 | DP | Dynamic Positioning |
| 19 | Drk Barge | Derrick Barge |
| 20 | DSV | Diving Support Vessel |
| 21 | FCC | Fully Cellular Containership |
| 22 | FDD | Floating Drydock |
| 23 | FPSO | Floating Production Storage and Offloading |
| 24 | Gen. Cargo | General Cargo |
| 25 | Grd | Geared Ship |
| 26 | HGV | Heavy Goods Vehicle |
| 27 | HHDW | Handy Heavy Dead Weight |
| 28 | INTERMODAL | Carriage of a Commodity by Different Modes of Transport |
| 29 | LASH | Lighter Aboard Ship |
| 30 | LNG | Liquefied Natural Gas |
| 31 | LO-LO | Lift On - Lift Off |
| 32 | LPG | Liquefied Petroleum Gas |
| 33 | Ltr | Lighter |
| 34 | M/T; MT | Motor Tanker |
| 35 | M/V; MV | Merchant Vessel Motor Vessel |
| 36 | MOPP | Mobile Offshore Production Platform |
| 37 | MS | Motor Ship |
| 38 | OBO | Ore Bulk Oil |
| 39 | osv | Offshore Support Vessel |
| 40 | PANAMAX | Panama Maximum |
| 41 | PCTC | Pure Car/Truck Carrier |
| 42 | PV | Pilot Vessel |
| 43 | PWC | Personal Watercraft |
| 44 | RORO | Roll On Roll Off |
| 45 | ROV | Remote Operated Vehicle |
| 46 | SD SELFD | Self Discharging |
| 47 | Semi Sub | Submersible Platform |
| 48 | ss | Steam Ship |
| 49 | ST | Steam Tanker |
| 50 | Sub | Submarine |
| 51 | SUBC | Self-Unloading Bulk Carrier |
| 52 | SWATH | Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull |
| 53 | Tnkr | Tanker |
| 54 | TW | Tween Decker |
| 55 | UBS | Universal Bulk Ship |
| 56 | ULBC | Ultra Large Bulk Carrier |
| 57 | ULCC | Ultra Large Crude Carrier |
| 58 | VLBC | Very Large Bulk Carrier |
| 59 | VLCC | Very Large Crude Carrier |
ONBOARD
| TT | Chữ viết tắt | Viết đầy đủ |
| 1 | A | Aft |
| 2 | A/E | Auxiliary Engine |
| 3 | A/S | Alongside |
| 4 | Accom. | Accommodation |
| 5 | Aft Pk Tks | Aft Peak Tanks |
| 6 | AHD | Ahead |
| 7 | Ast | Astern |
| 8 | Aux. | Auxiliary |
| 9 | BA | Breathing Apparatus |
| 10 | BC | Bulk Cargo |
| 11 | BCH | Bulk Chemical |
| 12 | Bit | Built |
| 13 | BROB | Bunkers Remaining Onboard |
| 14 | BS | Boiler Survey |
| 15 | BT | Ballast Tank |
| 16 | BWAD | Brackish Water Arrival Draft |
| 17 | BWT | Bleed Wing Tanks |
| 18 | C/L | + Center Line + Chain Locker |
| 19 | c/o | Change Over |
| 20 | CBT | Clean Ballast Tank |
| 21 | CCP | Controllable Pitch Propeller |
| 22 | CEU | Car Equivalent Unit |
| 23 | Clr | Cooler |
| 24 | Cons. | Consumption |
| 25 | COP | Custom of the port |
| 26 | CoSWP | Code of Safe Working Practices |
| 27 | cou | Clip On Unit |
| 28 | cow | Crude Oil Washing |
| 29 | CP | Controllable Pitch |
| 30 | CPP | Controllable Pitch Propeller |
| 31 | CR | Control Room |
| 32 | CRN | Crane |
| 33 | CROB | Cargo Remaining on Board |
| 34 | DAV | Deadweight |
| 35 | DB | Double Bottom |
| 36 | DD | Dry Dock |
| 37 | DEV | Vessel Departure from Specified Voyage Course |
| 38 | DFRT | Dead Freight |
| 39 | DIP | Dropping Inward Pilot |
| 40 | Disch | Discharge |
| 41 | Dk | Deck |
| 42 | DLat | Difference in Latitude |
| 43 | DLong | Difference in Longitude |
| 44 | DLOSP | Dropping Last Outwards Sea Pilot |
| 45 | DMDO | Distilate Marine Diesel Oil |
| 46 | DO | Diesel Oil |
| 47 | DOLSP | Dropping Off Last Sea Pilot |
| 48 | DOP | Dropping Outward Pilot |
| 49 | DP | Designated Person |
| 50 | DR | Dead Reckoning |
| 51 | Drft | Draught |
| 52 | Drk | Derrick |
| 53 | DWAT | Deadweight all told |
| 54 | DWT | + Deadweight + Deadweight Tonnes |
| 55 | ELVENT | Electrical Ventilation |
| 56 | Emerg. | Emergency |
| 57 | Emerg. Air Comp. | Emergency Air Compressor |
| 58 | Eng. | Engineer |
| 59 | EOP | End of Passage |
| 60 | EST | Eastern Standard Time |
| 61 | ETA , | Estimated Time of Arrival |
| 62 | ETC | Estimated Time of Completion |
| 63 | ETD | Estimated Time of Departure |
| 64 | ETR | Estimated Time of Readiness |
| 65 | ETS | Estimated Time of Sailing |
| 66 | Exh. | Exhaust |
| 67 | F. | Forward |
| 68 | F. Pk | Fore Peak |
| 69 | Fast | Full Astern |
| 70 | F/cstle | Forecastle |
| 71 | FAOP | Full Away on Passage |
| 72 L | FEA | Fire Extinguishing Appliances |
| 73 | FEU | Forty Foot Equivalent Unit |
| 74 | FFFS | Fixed Fire Fighting System |
| 75 | FItr | Filter |
| 76 | FO | Fuel Oil |
| 77 | Fore | Forward |
| 78 | FP | Fixed Pitch |
| 79 | FSA | Full Steam Ahead |
| 80 | FW | Fresh Water |
| 81 | FWAD | Fresh Water Arrival Draft |
| 82 | + Fwd + FWDS | Forward |
| 83 | FWDD | Fresh Water Departure Draft |
| 84 | Gen. Alarm | General Alarm |
| 85 | GMT | Greenwich Meantime |
| 86 | GN | Grain |
| 87 | Gr. Oil | Gear Oil |
| 88 | GRGO | Gas Oil |
| 89 | GRT | Gross Registered Tonnage |
| _90_ | GT_________ | Gross Tonnage |
| 91 | HA | Hatch |
| 92 | HBF | Harmless Bulk Fertilizer |
| 93 | HFO | Heavy Fuel Oil |
| 94 | HHP | High Holding Power (Anchors) |
| 95 | HO | f Hold + Heavy Oil + Hydraulic Oil_________________________ |
| 96 | Hsng________ | Housing |
| _97 | Ị Hyd | Hydraulic_____________________________ |
| H98 | jJBCS_______ | Integrated Bridge Control System___________ |
| 99 ’ | flFO | Intermediate Fuel Oil |
| 100 | IGS | Inert Gas System |
| 101 | i_LAN_____________ | Local Apparent Noon |
| 102 | Lat. | Latitude |
| 103 | LBP | Length Between Perpendiculars |
| 104 | LBS | Lifeboat Stations |
| 105 | LCKR | Locker |
| 106 | LDT | Light Displacement Tonnage |
| 107 | LF | Summer Fresh Water Load Line |
| 108 | LO | Lubricating Oil |
| 109 | LOA | Length Over All |
| 110 | LSA | Life Saving Appliances |
| HI | LW | Low Water |
| 112 | LWL | + Low Water Line + Length on Water Line |
| 113 | Mayday | English translation of the French m'aidez, "help me" |
| 114 | MBD | Machinery Breakdown |
| 115 | Md | Mendelevium |
| 116 | MDO | Marine Diesel Oil |
| 117 | MGO | Marine Gas Oil |
| 118 | M-Notice | Marine Notice |
| 119 | MSD | + Material Safety Data Sheets + Marine Sanitation Device |
| 120 | MSN | Merchant Shipping Notice |
| 121 | MT | + Empty + Metric Ton |
| 122 | NM | Nautical Mile |
| 123 | NRT | Net Registered Tonnage |
| 124 | NT | Net Tonnage |
| 125 | O/O/B | On Board or Overboard |
| 126 | o/b | On or Before |
| 127 | O/Board | On Board or Overboard |
| 128 | OMBO | One Man Bridge Operation |
| 129 | OPP | Oil Pollution Prevention |
| 130 | ows | Oily Water Separator |
| 131 | PFD | Personal Flotation Devices |
| 132 | PK | Peak |
| 133 | PM | Planned Maintenance |
| 134 | PMS | Planned Maintenance System |
| 135 | POSH | Port Out, Starboard Home |
| 136 | Pot. | Potable Water |
| 137 | PPE | Personal Protective Equipment |
| 138 | PS | Port Side |
| 139 | Pt | Port |
| 140 | Refridge | Refridgeration |
| 141 | Ro/Ro | Roll on/Roll off |
| 142 | ROB | Remaining Onboard |
| 143 | RT | Registered Tonnage |
| 144 | SAR | Search and Rescue |
| 145 | SAS | Safety at Sea |
| 146 | SB | Safe Berth |
| 147 | SBT | Segregated Ballast Tank |
| 148 | sow | Summer Deadweight |
| 149 | SG | Specific Gravity |
| 150 | SHP | Shaft Horse Power |
| 151 | SMC | Safety Management Certificate |
| 152 | SMS | Safety Management System |
| 153 | Sndg | Sounding |
| 154 | SOLAS | Safety Of Life At Sea |
| 155 | SS | Starboard Side |
| 156 | st. | Start or Stop |
| 157 | stbd | Starboard |
| 158 | STM | Steam |
| 159 | sw | Salt Water |
| 160 | TEU | Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit |
| 161 | TF | Tropical Fresh |
| 162 | TFLL | Tropical Fresh Load Line |
| 163 | TLL | Timber Load Line |
| 164 | UMS | Unmanned Machinery Space |
| 165 | v/v | Valve |
| 166 | Veg Room | Vegetable Room |
| 167 | VPP | Variable Pitch Propeller |
| 168 | WL | Water Line |
| 169 | WLL | Winter Load Line |
RADIO AND NAVIGATION
| TT | Chữ viết tắt | Viết đầy đủ |
| J___ | ALRS | Admiralty List of Radio Signals |
| 2 | ARPA | Automatic Radar Plotting Aids |
| 3 | CCT | Closed Circuit Television |
| 4 | ENC | Electronic Navigation Chart |
| 5 | EPIRB | Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon |
| 6 | FID | Radio Transmission Designator |
| 7 | F2B | Radio Transmission Designator |
| 8 | F2C | Radio Transmission Designator |
| 9 | F2D | Radio Transmission Designator |
| 10 | F3C | Radio Transmission Designator |
| lĩ | F3E | Radio Transmission Designator |
| 12 | FXX | Radio Transmission Designator |
| 13 | GID | Radio Transmission Designator |
| 14 | G2B | Radio Transmission Designator |
| 15 | GLONASS | Global Navigation Satellite System |
| 16 | GMDSS | Global Maritime Distress and Safety System |
| 17 | GPS | Global Positioning Satellite |
| 18 | + H2A + H2B + H3E + H9W | Radio Transmission Designator |
| 19 | HF | High Frequency |
| 20 | HO | High Output |
| 21 | IDS | International Distress Signal |
| 22 | Inmarsat | International Marine Satellite |
| 23 | Inmarsat c | International Marine Satellite c |
| 24 | Intercom | Intercommunicating System |
| 25 | + J2B + J2DEN + J3E | Radio Transmission Designator |
| 26 | LCD | Liquid Crystal Display |
| 27 | LED | Light Emitting Diode |
| 28 | Mayday | English translation of the French m'aidez, "help me" |
| 29 | NO | Normal Output |
| 30 | R/T | Radio Telegraph or Telegraphy or Telephone |
| 31 | RCDS | Raster Chart Display System |
| 32 | Rcvr | Receiver |
| 33 | RDF | Radio Direction Finder |
| 34 | RF | + Radio Frequency + Range Finder + Radio Finder |
| 35 | RNC | Raster Navigational Chart |
| 36 | RT | Radio Telegraph, Telegraphy, Telephone |
| 37 | SART | Search and Rescue Radar Transponder |
| 38 | SATCOM | Satellite Communication |
| 39 | SATCOM A | Satellite Communication System A |
| 40 | SATCOM B | Satellite Communication System B |
| 41 | SATCOM c | Satellite-Communication System c |
| 42 | + SATNAV + SN | Satellite Navigation |
| 43 | UHF | Ultra High Frequency |
| 44 | UPS | Uninterrupted Power Supply |
| 45 | VDR | Voyage Data Recorder |
| 46 | VDU | Visual Display Unit |
| 47 | VHF | Very High Frequency |
| 48 | VHF Radio | Very High Frequency Radio |
| 49 | VHO | Very High Output |
TECHNICAL THINGS
| TT | Chữ viết tắt | Viết đầy đủ |
| 1 | 2/H | Second Half |
| 2 | Al | Top Category or in "Good Condition" |
| 3 | AA | Always Afloat |
| 4 | Aa | Arrival After |
| 5 | AC | + Air Conditioner + Activated Carbon + Alternating Current |
| 6 | Aik. | Alkilinity |
| 7 | AM | Anti Meridian |
| 8 | Amps. | Amperes |
| 9 | atm | Atmosphere |
| 10 | B | + Bar + Byte + Bit |
| 11 | bbl | Barrel |
| 12 | BHP | Brake Horse Power |
| 13 | BLEVE | Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion |
| 14 | BOD | + Biochemical Oxygen Demand + Biological Oxygen Demand |
| 15 | brl | Barrel |
| 16 | BST | British Summer Time |
| 17 | BTƯ | British Thermal Unit |
| 18 | c | Centigrade |
| 19 | c3h8 | Propane |
| 20 | CA | Controlled Atmosphere |
| 21 | Ca(OH)2 | Calcium Hydroxide |
| 22 | CaCI2 | Calcium Chloride |
| 23 | CaCOj | Calcium Carbonate |
| 24 | Cal. | Calories |
| 25 | CBFT | Cubic Feet |
| 26 | CBM | Cubic Metres |
| 27 | CFC | Chlorofluorocarbons |
| 28 | CFT | Cubic Feet |
| 29 | ch4 | Methane |
| 30 | Cl | Chlorine |
| 31 | Cm | Centimeters |
| 32 | co2 | Carbon Dioxide |
| 33 | coâ | Carbonate |
| 34 | CR | + Current Rate + Calcium Reactor |
| 35 | CST | Centistokes |
| 36 | CTD | Conductivity, Temperature, Depth |
| 37 | cu | Cubic |
| 38 | DC | Direct Current |
| 39 | degC | Degrees Celcius |
| 40 | DIS | Draft International Standard |
| 41 | DO | Dissolved Oxygen |
| 42 | DOC | Dissolved Organic Carbon |
| 43 | doz | Dozen |
| 44 | DSB | Deep Sand Bed |
| 45 | DT | Destructive Testing |
| 46 | EN | European Standard |
| 47 | F | Fahrenheit |
| 48 | Fl.Oz | Fluid Ounce |
| 49 | FMS | Fathoms |
| 50 | Ft | Feet |
| 51 | G | Gram |
| 52 | GAC | Granular Activated Carbon |
| 53 | Gal | Gallon |
| 54 | GB | Gigabyte |
| 55 | GBS | Gravity Base Structure |
| 56 | Gins | Gallons |
| 57 | GoM | Fluid Metacentric Height |
| 58 | + gr + Gr | + Gross + Gram |
| 59 | Grad. | Gradient |
| 60 | GRP | Glass Reinforced Plastic |
| 61 | H2O | Water |
| 62 | ha | Hectare |
| 63 | hco3 | Hydrogen Carbonate |
| 64 | HP | High Pressure |
| 65 | hr | Hour |
| 66 | Hz | Hertz |
| 67 | IHP | Indicated Horse Power |
| 68 | IND | Indication |
| 69 | IR | Infrared |
| 70 | K | + Kilo + Kelvin |
| 71 | Kcal | Kilo Calories |
| 72 | Kg | Kilogram |
| 73 | Kg/Cm | Kilogram Per Centimeter |
| 74 | Km | Kilometres |
| 75 | Kt | Knot |
| 76 | Kv | Kilo Volts |
| 77 | KW | Kilo Watts |
| 78 | KWh | Kilo Watt hour |
| 79 | L | Liter |
| 80 | Li | Lithium |
| 81 | LC50 | Lethal Concentration 50 |
| 82 | LCB | Longitudinal Centre of Buoyancy |
| 83 | LCF | Longitudinal Centre of Flotation |
| 84 | LCR | Lowest Current Rate |
| 85 | LD50 | Lethal Dose 50 |
| 86 | LEL | Lower Explosive Limit |
| 87 | LEM | Lower Explosive Mixture |
| 88 | LFL | Lower Flammable Limit |
| 89 | LP | + Liquid Petroleum + Low Pressure |
| 90 | LST | Local Standard Time |
| 91 | LT | Long Ton |
| 92 | Ltrs | Liters |
| 93 | M | 4 Mega + Metres |
| 94 | m | + Milli 4- Metres |
| 95 | + MB + Mb | Megabyte |
| 96 | mg | Milligram |
| 97 | M1N/MAX | Minimum/Maximum |
| 98 | mm | Millemetres |
| 99 | Mn | Manganese |
| 100 | MPH | Miles Per Hour |
| 101 | mSv | MilliSievert |
| 102 | MT | Metric Ton |
| 103 | MTNS | Metric Tons |
| ỉ 04 | MV | Mercury Vapour |
| 105 | no3 | Nitrate |
| 106 | NA | Net Absolute V. . . . |
| 107 | NaCOj | Sodium Carbonate |
| 108 | NaOH | Sodium Hydroxide |
| 109 | NDT | Non-Destructive Testing |
| HO | Ne | Neon |
| 111 | NHj | Ammonia |
| 112 | NHŨ | Ammonium |
| 113 | NNR | Natural Nitrate Reduction |
| 114 | no2 | + Nitrogen + Nitrite |
| 115 | O2 | Oxygen |
| 116 | Oz | Ounce |
| 117 | PC | Power Compact |
| 118 | PCB | Printed Circuit Board |
| 119 | PCT | Percent |
| 120 | pH | Measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions |
| 121 | PI | Pounds Per Square Inch |
| 122 | PMCC | Pensky-Martens Closed Cup |
| 123 | PO4 | Phosphate |
| 124 | PPM | Parts Per Million |
| 125 | Press | Pressure |
| 126 | Pt | Pint |
| 127 | PV | + Pressure Valve + Pressure Vacuum |
| 128 | PVC | Poly Vinyl Chloride |
| 129 | Qrt | Quart |
| 130 | Qtr | Quarter |
| 131 | rad | Radians |
| 132 | Rm | Rohm |
| 133 | RO | Reverse Osmosis |
| 134 | RPH | Revolutions Per Hour |
| 135 | RPM | Revolutions Per Minute |
| 136 | RPS | Revolutions Per Second |
| 137 | Sal. | Salinity |
| 138 | SF | Stowage Factor |
| 139 | SiO2 | Silicon Dioxide |
| 140 | Sq. | Square |
| 141 | SWAD | Salt Water Arrival Draft |
| 142 | SWDD | Salt Water Departure Draft |
| 143 | SWL | Safe Working Load |
| 144 | T/C | Turbocharger |
| 145 | TBN | Total Base Number |
| 146 | tbsp | Tablespoon |
| 147 | TC | Turbocharger |
| 148 | TDS | Total Dissolved Solids |
| 149 | TDW | Tonnes Deadweight |
| 150 | Temp. | Temperature |
| 151 | TFC | Thin Film Composite |
| 152 | TLV | Threshold Limit Value |
| 153 | Tnk | Tank |
| 154 | TPI | Tonnes Per Inch |
| 155 | TPII | Tonnes Per Inch Immersion |
| 156 | tsp | Teaspoon |
| 157 | TTL | Total |
| 158 | DEL | Upper Explosive Limit |
| 159 | UFL | Upper Flammable Limit |
| 160 | UGF | Under Gravel Filter |
| 161 | uv | Ultra Violet |
| 162 | V | Volts |
| 163 | VCB | Vertical Center of Buoyancy |
| 164 | VCG | Vertical Center of Gravity |
| 165 | VCM | Vinyl Chloride Monomer |
| 166 | Vol. | Volume |
| 167 | VP | Vapor Pressure |
| 168 | w | Watts |
| 169 | WT | Watertight |
| 170 | Yrds | Yards |
SHIP PEOPLE
| TT | Chữ viết tắt | Viết đầy đủ |
| 1 | 1st | First Engineer |
| 2 | 1st Mate 1st Off. | Chief Officer |
| 3 | 2/E | Second Engineer |
| 4 | + 2nd + Second + 2nd Eng. | Second Engineer or Second Mate (Usually the 2nd Engineer) |
| 5 | + 2nd Mate + 2nd Off. | Second Officer |
| 6 | + 3rd + Third + 3rd Eng. | Third Engineer or Third Mate (Usually the 3rd Engineer) |
| 7 | + 3rd Mate + 3rd Off. | Third Officer |
| 8 | + 4th + 4th Eng. | Fourth Engineer |
| 9 | + 5th + 5th Eng. | Fifth Engineer |
| 10 | AB | Able Seaman |
| 11 | Bsn | Bosun |
| 12 | C/M | Chief Mate |
| 13 | c/o | Chief Officer |
| 14 | Cdt | Cadet |
| 15 | Ch. Eng | Chief Engineer |
| 16 | Ck | Cook |
| 17 | DP | Designated Person |
| 18 | Duty Eng | Duty Engineer |
| 19 | Duty Off. | Duty Officer |
| 20 | ECO | Electrical and Communications Officer |
| 21 | EEO | + Electrical and Electronics Officer + Electrical Engineering Officer |
| 22 | Eng. | Engineer |
| 23 | EO | Electrical Officer |
| 24 | First | First Engineer |
| 25 | J. Eng | Junior Engineer |
| 26 | J/O | Junior Officer |
| 27 | Junior EO | Junior Electrical Officer |
| 28 | MEO | Marine Engineering Officer |
| 29 | MO | Merchant Officer |
| 30 | OOD | Officer Of the Deck |
| 31 | oow | Officer Of the Watch |
| 32 | REO | Radio and Electronics Officer |
| 33 | RO | Radio Officer |
